Java Conditional Statements - if

In Java, conditional statements are used to perform different actions based on different conditions. Let's explore three main conditional statements: if, if else, and else if.

1. The if Statement

The if statement allows you to execute a block of code if a specific condition is true.

Syntax:

    if (condition) {
        // code to be executed if condition is true
    }

Example:

    public class IfExample {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            int number = 10;
            if (number > 5) {
                System.out.println("The number is greater than 5.");
            }
        }
    }

In this example, since 10 is greater than 5, the message will be printed.

2. The if else Statement

The if else statement is used when you want to specify an alternative action if the condition is false.

Syntax:

    if (condition) {
        // code to be executed if condition is true
    } else {
        // code to be executed if condition is false
    }

Example:

    public class IfElseExample {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            int number = 3;
            if (number > 5) {
                System.out.println("The number is greater than 5.");
            } else {
                System.out.println("The number is less than or equal to 5.");
            }
        }
    }

In this example, since 3 is less than 5, the second message will be printed.

3. The else if Statement

The else if statement allows you to check multiple conditions in sequence, and execute code depending on which condition is true.

Syntax:

    if (condition1) {
        // code to be executed if condition1 is true
    } else if (condition2) {
        // code to be executed if condition2 is true
    } else {
        // code to be executed if none of the above conditions are true
    }

Example:

    public class ElseIfExample {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            int number = 7;
            if (number > 10) {
                System.out.println("The number is greater than 10.");
            } else if (number == 7) {
                System.out.println("The number is equal to 7.");
            } else {
                System.out.println("The number is less than 7.");
            }
        }
    }

In this example, the condition number == 7 is true, so the message "The number is equal to 7." will be printed.

Conclusion

In Java, you can use if, if else, and else if statements to control the flow of your program based on certain conditions. Use if when you need to execute a block of code if a condition is true, if else when you need an alternative for false conditions, and else if when you need to test multiple conditions.




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